Is resource cost adjusted with weapon speed in diablo 3?

According to Bashiok:

...faster speed weapons consume more resource but may do more damage. Channeled skills might still be better with slower weapons though because on a channeled skill, you have as much mobility as you want, so the "mobility" and "overkill" advantages of faster weapons are eroded with channeled abilities, so all you’re left with is increased mana cost for increased damage.

So yes, a faster weapon will cause more skills to tick faster, resulting in you dealing more damage over time, but will result in you using up more resources as you are channeling faster.

Channeling mechanics

Let's use Ray of Frost as an example,

Cost: 20 Arcane Power

Effect: Channel a beam of frost that deals 215% weapon damage as Cold.

Since this is a channeled skill. The resource cost ticks by 10 and drains that much Arcane Power at twice the speed of your weapon. If your attack speed is 1 attack per second, instead of draining 20 Arcane Power once per second, it will drain 10 Arcane Power every half seconds.

Additionally, Since Ray of Frost is a channeled spell. It is broken down into many small attacks that deal a total of 215% weapon damage based on your attack speed. If your attack speed is 1 attack per second, it will deal a total of 215% weapon damage per second.

tl;dr: The faster the weapon attack speed, the faster the drain; slower the weapon attack speed, slower the drain.

Damage-dealing

Assuming two weapons have the same damage, the faster weapon will use up resources faster than the slower one when channeling, but the faster weapon will take less time to do full damage than the slower one.

• An axe at 15 damage and 1.0 attack speed will drain slower. (15 DPS)

• A wand at 15 damage and 1.5 attack speed will drain faster, but will do
  the same damage faster. (22.5 DPS)

In your example, arcane power would NOT be adjusted in any way for the weapon speed. Slow weapons are more desirable for pure dps per arcane point.

However, there are reasons you might want to attack faster, instead of save mana. Maybe the monsters you are fighting each die to 50 damage. Maybe you want to try to trigger crit-effects more often.

Id even say that the resource management aspect of weapon speeds is the primary reason to scrutinize a weapons actual damage and speed, as opposed to the big DPS number.