What does -qq argument for apt-get mean?
I just received a Vagrantfile and post install bash script. The vagrantfile downloads standard Ubuntu from Ubuntu Cloud but I found something in the bash script.
Few lines of script reads as:
apt-get update -qq > /dev/null
apt-get -qq -y install apache2 > /dev/null
I tried to search around the internet what -qq
in shell script stands for, didn't get any mention of it, so, am asking here if anyone knows what it stands for.
AFAIK > /dev/null
means the ongoing process is not printed in the screen, for that it doesn't require the -qq
flag. So, I am really curious to know.
The -qq
is a flag to apt-get
to make it less noisy.
-qq No output except for errors
You are correct about the >/dev/null
. By redirecting all the STDOUT, the -qq
becomes redundant.
The -qq
makes it very quiet instead of only quiet. But from my man page, it also implies -y
(--assume-yes
, answers "yes" to the questions), and the man warns the use of -qq
:
From the man page:
Note that quiet level 2 implies -y, you should never use -qq without a no-action modifier such as -d, --print-uris or -s as APT may decided to do something you did not expect.
You could ask developer of this script to check it.
In this case -qq
is an option to apt-get and not bash. If you do man apt-get you will get the documentation for apt-get.
It means "really quiet"
-q, --quiet
Quiet. Produces output suitable for logging, omitting progress indicators. More q's will produce more quiet up to a maximum of two. You can also use -q=# to set the quiet level, overriding the configuration file. Note that quiet level 2 implies -y, you should never use -qq without a no-action modifier such as -d, --print-uris or -s as APT may decided to do something you did not expect.
So, to summarize a call to apt-get
will be more verbose than apt-get -q
which is more verbose than apt-get -qq
.
Generally the first place to look for any help on a command is that command's "man" page. man
is a standard Linux command that will display help for the given command. So in your case, man apt-get
would give you help for the apt-get command.