Accessing "Media" files in Django

Folder Setup:

Your project root should be something like:

/app1
/app2
/media
/static
/templates
urls.py
settings.py
manage.py

The media folder is supposed to hold things like images, downloads and other material that might be uploaded during normal use of the website (i.e. after development is finished)

The static folder is supposed to hold all the CSS/JS and other material that is a part of the development of the site

Settings.py:

MEDIA_ROOT is the absolute server path to the static folder mentioned above. That means it should be something like:

MEDIA_ROOT = "/User/Bob/Sites/MySite/Project_root/media/"

MEDIA_URL is the relative browser URL you should access your media files from when you are looking at the site. It should be (usually)

MEDIA_URL = "media/"

which means all material can be viewed at http://example.com/media/

Similarly, STATIC_ROOT should be something like

STATIC_ROOT = "/User/Bob/Sites/MySite/Project_root/static/"

and STATIC_URL be

STATIC_URL = "static/"

Serving the files:

Now that you have told django where these folders should be, and the correct URLs to access them, you need to serve all requests to the folders correctly.

Usually when you are in production, you want the webserver to take care of serving your static files and media files.

If you are developing though, you can just get the django development server to serve them for you.

To do this, you tell it to route all request that come in to http://example.com/media to your MEDIA_ROOT and all requests that come in to http://example.com/static to your STATIC_ROOT.

To do this, you add some URLS to URLS.py like you have:

from django.conf import settings
if settings.DEBUG:
    urlpatterns += patterns('',
        url(r'^media/(?P<path>.*)$', 'django.views.static.serve', {
            'document_root': settings.MEDIA_ROOT,
        }),
        url(r'^static/(?P<path>.*)$', 'django.views.static.serve', {
            'document_root': settings.STATIC_ROOT,
        }),
)

Extra:

If you have multiple apps, each with their own CSS and JS files, you mightn't want to throw them into one single /static/ folder. It might be useful to put them in subfolders of the apps they belong to:

/app1/static/ # Specific static folder
/app2/static/
/media/
/static/ # Root static folder

Now, your webserver/development server is only looking for static files where you told it to look (i.e. the root static folder) so you need to collect all the files in the subfolders and copy them to the root static folder. You could do this by hand, but django provides a command to do this for you (this is the whole point of the static app)

./manage collectstatic

Why have you made the MEDIA_ROOT setting blank? It needs to be the path to your media directory. Since, as you say, your media is in a subdirectory called media, you should put that in MEDIA_ROOT.

I followed timmy procedure but I got an error that No module name django.views. When I use import django.views in my virtualenv everything works fine i.e It's not an issue with the import of library.

However, I was able to solve this problem by following this procedure in my main urls file

from django.conf.urls.static import  static
urlpatterns += static(settings.MEDIA_URL, document_root=settings.MEDIA_ROOT)

https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/dev/howto/static-files/

Accessing "Media" files in Django

Related

Recent Posts