how to stop a for loop
I'm writing a code to determine if every element in my nxn list is the same. i.e. [[0,0],[0,0]]
returns true but [[0,1],[0,0]]
will return false. I was thinking of writing a code that stops immediately when it finds an element that is not the same as the first element. i.e:
n=L[0][0]
m=len(A)
for i in range(m):
for j in range(m):
if
L[i][j]==n: -continue the loop-
else: -stop the loop-
I would like to stop this loop if L[i][j]!==n
and return false. otherwise return true. How would I go about implementing this?
Use break
and continue
to do this. Breaking nested loops can be done in Python using the following:
for a in range(...):
for b in range(..):
if some condition:
# break the inner loop
break
else:
# will be called if the previous loop did not end with a `break`
continue
# but here we end up right after breaking the inner loop, so we can
# simply break the outer loop as well
break
Another way is to wrap everything in a function and use return
to escape from the loop.
There are several ways to do it:
The simple Way: a sentinel variable
n = L[0][0]
m = len(A)
found = False
for i in range(m):
if found:
break
for j in range(m):
if L[i][j] != n:
found = True
break
Pros: easy to understand Cons: additional conditional statement for every loop
The hacky Way: raising an exception
n = L[0][0]
m = len(A)
try:
for x in range(3):
for z in range(3):
if L[i][j] != n:
raise StopIteration
except StopIteration:
pass
Pros: very straightforward Cons: you use Exception outside of their semantic
The clean Way: make a function
def is_different_value(l, elem, size):
for x in range(size):
for z in range(size):
if l[i][j] != elem:
return True
return False
if is_different_value(L, L[0][0], len(A)):
print "Doh"
pros: much cleaner and still efficient cons: yet feels like C
The pythonic way: use iteration as it should be
def is_different_value(iterable):
first = iterable[0][0]
for l in iterable:
for elem in l:
if elem != first:
return True
return False
if is_different_value(L):
print "Doh"
pros: still clean and efficient cons: you reinvdent the wheel
The guru way: use any()
:
def is_different_value(iterable):
first = iterable[0][0]
return any(any((cell != first for cell in col)) for elem in iterable)):
if is_different_value(L):
print "Doh"
pros: you'll feel empowered with dark powers cons: people that will read you code may start to dislike you