Can I disable Chrome password check only for localhost?

This isn't an available feature I'm afraid. As a workaround, I'd recommend creating a separate Chrome profile for when you use this system and your personal autofill will then not appear in this profile.

• At the top right, click Profile Profile.
• Click Manage people.
• Click Add person.
• Choose a name and a photo.
• Click Save.

1 - In Chrome, click on your avatar and "Manage your Google account".

2 - Go to "Security".

3 - Scroll down to "Passwords manager".

4 - Access "Password Check-up" and launch "Check Passwords".

5 - Click on the 3 dots next to the password you want the warning to be ignored and select "Ignore warning"

You should be good.