Why, Fatal error: Class 'PHPUnit_Framework_TestCase' not found in ...?

Solution 1:

For those arriving here after updating phpunit to version 6 or greater released on 2017-02-03 (e.g. with composer), you may be getting this error because phpunit code is now namespaced (check changelog).

You will need to refactor things like \PHPUnit_Framework_TestCase to \PHPUnit\Framework\TestCase

Solution 2:

The PHPUnit documentation says used to say to include/require PHPUnit/Framework.php, as follows:

require_once ('PHPUnit/Framework/TestCase.php');

UPDATE

As of PHPUnit 3.5, there is a built-in autoloader class that will handle this for you:

require_once 'PHPUnit/Autoload.php';

Thanks to Phoenix for pointing this out!

Solution 3:

For higher version of phpunit such as 6.4 You must use the namespace PHPUnit\Framework\TestCase

use TestCase instead PHPUnit_Framework_TestCase

// use the following namespace
use PHPUnit\Framework\TestCase;

// extend using TestCase instead PHPUnit_Framework_TestCase
class SampleTest extends TestCase {

}

Solution 4:

I was running PHPUnit tests on PHP5, and then, I needed to support PHP7 as well. This is what I did:

In composer.json:

"phpunit/phpunit": "~4.8|~5.7"

In my PHPUnit bootstrap file (in my case, /tests/bootstrap.php):

// PHPUnit 6 introduced a breaking change that
// removed PHPUnit_Framework_TestCase as a base class,
// and replaced it with \PHPUnit\Framework\TestCase
if (!class_exists('\PHPUnit_Framework_TestCase') && class_exists('\PHPUnit\Framework\TestCase'))
    class_alias('\PHPUnit\Framework\TestCase', '\PHPUnit_Framework_TestCase');

In other words, this will work for tests written originally for PHPUnit 4 or 5, but then needed to work on PHPUnit 6 as well.