Connect/disconnect from VPN from the command line

I have two VPNs setup on my Ubuntu machine, one using vpnc and one using PPTP. These were both setup using the GNOME network manager interface and work great. However on occasion I need to access this machine remotely - is there a way to connect or disconnect to these VPNs from the command line?

If you want to interact with NetworkManager from the command line you can use the "nmcli" command.

list all NM connections: nmcli con

start connection (wifi, vpn, etc): nmcli con up id ConnectionName

down connection: nmcli con down id ConnectionName

(more nmcli commands in the nmcli manpage).

Also note that regular users usually don't have permission to control networking. Using the commands above with sudo should work for most connections, but VPN specifically might fail with "Error: Connection activation failed: no valid VPN secrets."

If that happens to you, it's likely that the VPN password is stored in your user's gnome-keyring, which makes it inaccessible to the root user. This comment explains why.

To fix this, edit /etc/NetworkManager/system-connections/ConnectionName and under [vpn], change the password flags line to:

password-flags=0

If there is a line starting with Xauth password-flags, change it instead.

Then add the following below the [vpn] block:

[vpn-secrets]
password=YourPassword

(If in the previous step you changed the line Xauth password-flags, add Xauth password=... instead.)

Now restart network manager by:

sudo service network-manager restart

Then starting the VPN connection with sudo nmcli con up id ConnectionName should work without problems.

ihashacks's answer with Matt's comments worked for me... almost. Had to tweak one line.

My password-flag line actually read: "Xauth password-flag". The accepted answer wouldn't work for me until I changed to the following

[vpn]
...
Xauth password-flag=0
IPSec secret-flags=0

[vpn-secrets]
Xauth password=<my pw> ## This is the one I changed.
IPSec secret=<group pw>

Not sure why my VPN connections have "Xauth" before every mention of password.