Origin of the "white feather as a symbol of cowardice"
I’m researching the origins of the white feather as a symbol of cowardice. The earliest reference I can find is in Francis Grose’s 1785 Dictionary of the Vulgar Tongue. Does anyone know of any earlier occurrences?
The OED uses Grose's dictionary as its first source and adds
- A white feather as a symbol of cowardice. [...]With allusion to the fact that a white feather in a game bird's tail was considered a mark of inferior breeding.
1785 F. Grose Classical Dict. Vulgar Tongue White feather, he has a white feather, he is a coward, an allusion to a game cock, where having a white feather, is a proof he is not of the true game breed.
Grose's example, game cock/breed is a use of "game" in the hunting sense and OED game, adj. 1. Of a person or animal: full of pluck, spirit, or fight; spirited, plucky; intrepid. Also applied to actions, attributes, etc.