Taking a picture after entering wrong password

Is there any way for a laptop running Windows 7 to take a picture using the webcam after entering the wrong user password?

Maybe you might wanna check the KeyLemon login manager. It's the only solution I was able to find that's close to what you need. Works on XP, Vista, 7 and 8. Unfortunately, this feature is present only in the paid version.

From the product page:

Hijackers tracking

With the hijackers tracking feature you can view pictures of:

• who was in front of your computer before automatic windows lock
• who typed a wrong password when computer was locked

Disclaimer: I'm in absolutely no way related to the product or company.

What a cool question. Here is my solution (inspired in part by Keltari's answer):

Requirements

• A somewhat recent version of Windows (probably Vista or later)
• A DirectShow-compatible video device (probably anything Windows recognizes as a camera, and more)
• ffmpeg.exe (http://ffmpeg.org/)

snapshot_login_failure.cmd (place this in some folder with ffmpeg.exe)

@echo off

:: Get date and time independent of regional settings. Source: http://stackoverflow.com/questions/203090/how-to-get-current-datetime-on-windows-command-line-in-a-suitable-format-for-us
for /F "usebackq tokens=1,2 delims==" %%i in (`wmic os get LocalDateTime /VALUE 2^>NUL`) do if '.%%i.'=='.LocalDateTime.' set ldt=%%j
set datetime=%ldt:~0,4%_%ldt:~4,2%_%ldt:~6,2%_%ldt:~8,2%_%ldt:~10,2%_%ldt:~12,2%

:: Capture snapshot through DirectShow using FFmpeg and save to disk. Change name of video adapter and save path.
ffmpeg.exe -f dshow -i video="USB 2.0 UVC HD Webcam" -vframes 1 E:\snapshot_%datetime%.jpg

snapshot_login_failure.xml (import this as a windows scheduler task)

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-16"?>
<Task version="1.3" xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/windows/2004/02/mit/task">
  <RegistrationInfo>
    <Date>2013-07-06T23:32:34.0732602</Date>
    <Author>Zoe\Zero3</Author>
  </RegistrationInfo>
  <Triggers>
    <EventTrigger>
      <Enabled>true</Enabled>
      <Subscription>&lt;QueryList&gt;&lt;Query Id="0" Path="Security"&gt;&lt;Select Path="Security"&gt;*[System[Provider[@Name='Microsoft-Windows-Security-Auditing'] and EventID=4625]]&lt;/Select&gt;&lt;/Query&gt;&lt;/QueryList&gt;</Subscription>
    </EventTrigger>
  </Triggers>
  <Principals>
    <Principal id="Author">
      <UserId>S-1-5-19</UserId>
      <RunLevel>LeastPrivilege</RunLevel>
    </Principal>
  </Principals>
  <Settings>
    <MultipleInstancesPolicy>IgnoreNew</MultipleInstancesPolicy>
    <DisallowStartIfOnBatteries>false</DisallowStartIfOnBatteries>
    <StopIfGoingOnBatteries>true</StopIfGoingOnBatteries>
    <AllowHardTerminate>true</AllowHardTerminate>
    <StartWhenAvailable>false</StartWhenAvailable>
    <RunOnlyIfNetworkAvailable>false</RunOnlyIfNetworkAvailable>
    <IdleSettings>
      <StopOnIdleEnd>true</StopOnIdleEnd>
      <RestartOnIdle>false</RestartOnIdle>
    </IdleSettings>
    <AllowStartOnDemand>true</AllowStartOnDemand>
    <Enabled>true</Enabled>
    <Hidden>false</Hidden>
    <RunOnlyIfIdle>false</RunOnlyIfIdle>
    <DisallowStartOnRemoteAppSession>false</DisallowStartOnRemoteAppSession>
    <UseUnifiedSchedulingEngine>false</UseUnifiedSchedulingEngine>
    <WakeToRun>false</WakeToRun>
    <ExecutionTimeLimit>PT1H</ExecutionTimeLimit>
    <Priority>7</Priority>
  </Settings>
  <Actions Context="Author">
    <Exec>
      <Command>E:\snapshot_login_failure.cmd</Command>
      <WorkingDirectory>E:\</WorkingDirectory>
    </Exec>
  </Actions>
</Task>

Notes

• You need to adjust device name and paths to fit your system. Perhaps the user accounts in the task file too.
• You might need to enable logging of failed logins per Windows 7 Logon Failure Events Nonexistent?
• The login failure event triggers after clicking OK on the "Wrong username or password bla bla" dialog and not immediately after entering invalid login info
• There is noticable delay if triggered early after the login screen is shown during boot (when Windows is still starting services and the system is IO bound)