Can I apply a CSS style to an element name?

You can use the attribute selector,

input[name="goButton"] {
  background: red;
}

<input name="goButton">

Be aware that it isn't supported in IE6.

Update: In 2016 you can pretty much use them as you want, since IE6 is dead. http://quirksmode.org/css/selectors/

http://reference.sitepoint.com/css/attributeselector

Text Input Example

input[type=text] {
  width: 150px;
}

input[name=myname] {
  width: 100px;
}

<input type="text">
<br>
<input type="text" name="myname">

You can use attribute selectors but they won't work in IE6 like meder said, there are javascript workarounds to that tho. Check Selectivizr

More detailed into on attribute selectors: http://www.css3.info/preview/attribute-selectors/

/* turns all input fields that have a name that starts with "go" red */
input[name^="go"] { color: red }