Simulate high resolution screen in Chrome?
For completeness, I want to mention that using Chrome's developer tools, device metrics can be overridden by specifying an exact screen resolution. In the screen shot, an additional option is selected: Fit in window
At least with Chrome 26, however, changing device metrics does not affect media queries (anymore?). So, as of this writing, this is not a solution.
One solution is a chrome extension (https://chrome.google.com/webstore/detail/resolution-test/idhfcdbheobinplaamokffboaccidbal) that can change your browser window resolution to be larger than your screen resolution.
With Chrome 28, when zooming out sufficiently, eventually the media query for a larger screen fires. Problem solved.