SessionNotCreatedException: Message: session not created from disconnected: unable to connect to renderer with ChromeDriver 2.45 Chrome v71

When I'm executing this code with Selenium using Python:

from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
import time
driver = webdriver.Chrome(executable_path=r'/Users/qa/Documents/Python/chromedriver')

The error occurred:

   Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/Users/qa/Documents/Python/try.py", line 4, in <module>
    driver = webdriver.Chrome(executable_path=r'/Users/qa/Documents/Python/chromedriver')
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.7/lib/python3.7/site-packages/selenium/webdriver/chrome/webdriver.py", line 81, in __init__
    desired_capabilities=desired_capabilities)
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.7/lib/python3.7/site-packages/selenium/webdriver/remote/webdriver.py", line 157, in __init__
    self.start_session(capabilities, browser_profile)
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.7/lib/python3.7/site-packages/selenium/webdriver/remote/webdriver.py", line 252, in start_session
    response = self.execute(Command.NEW_SESSION, parameters)
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.7/lib/python3.7/site-packages/selenium/webdriver/remote/webdriver.py", line 321, in execute
    self.error_handler.check_response(response)
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.7/lib/python3.7/site-packages/selenium/webdriver/remote/errorhandler.py", line 242, in check_response
    raise exception_class(message, screen, stacktrace)
selenium.common.exceptions.SessionNotCreatedException: Message: session not created
from disconnected: unable to connect to renderer
  (Session info: chrome=71.0.3578.98)
  (Driver info: chromedriver=2.44.609545 (c2f88692e98ce7233d2df7c724465ecacfe74df5),platform=Mac OS X 10.13.6 x86_64)

Can someone help me? Thanks.

This error message...

selenium.common.exceptions.SessionNotCreatedException: Message: session not created
from disconnected: unable to connect to renderer

...implies that the ChromeDriver was unable to initiate/spawn a new WebBrowser i.e. Chrome Browser session.

You need to consider a fact:

• As you are using Mac OS X the Key executable_path must be supported with a Value as :

  '/Users/qa/Documents/Python/chromedriver'
  

• So line will be:

  driver = webdriver.Chrome(executable_path='/Users/qa/Documents/Python/chromedriver')
  

Note: The path itself is a raw path so you don't need to add the switch r and drop it.

Additionally, ensure that /etc/hosts on your system contains the following entry :

127.0.0.1 localhost.localdomain localhost
#or
127.0.0.1 localhost loopback

I had a similar error, first getting the error message:

selenium.common.exceptions.WebDriverException: Message: unknown error: Chrome failed to start: exited normally. (unknown error: DevToolsActivePort file doesn't exist)

This was solved by adding options.add_argument("--remote-debugging-port=9230") to the ChromeOptions(). And the program runs once and I gained the same error message as above:

selenium.common.exceptions.SessionNotCreatedException: Message: session not created from disconnected: unable to connect to renderer (Session info: headless chrome=89.0.4389.114)

The problem here was that the chrome process does not close properly in the program so the process is still active on the debugging-port. To solve this problem close the active port sudo kill -9 $(sudo lsof -t -i:9230) and simply add the following lines to the end of the code:

driver.stop_client()
driver.close()
driver.quit()

Since I didn't find this answer anywhere, I hope it helps someone.