What does "O.D." mean in this context in "Revolutionary Road" by Richard Yates?

O.D. stands for "Olive Drab":

olive drab
1: a grayish olive
2a: a wool or cotton fabric of an olive drab color
b: a uniform of this fabric
Merriam-Webster

This was typically used in fatigues (work or battle uniforms) for U.S. troops in the 20th century.

US soldiers on patrol in Vietnam: http://www.vietnammemorial.com/vietnam-war.html