Does "chronological order" mean the most recent item comes first?

In technical and common parlance, the phrase "chronological order" indicates that the items are in order of occurrence or creation, oldest first (being the first in the chronology).

So it's [ 1997, 1998, 1999 ] and not [ 1999, 1998, 1997 ].

Ordering most recent first as in the example given in the question is called reverse chronological ordering or inverse chronological ordering.