Best alternative word for "Basic building block" or like this

Solution 1:

Fundamental is described as:

1a : serving as a basis supporting existence or determining essential structure or function : BASIC

Elemental is another really good word, and is described by MW as:

b(1) : of, relating to, or being the basic or essential constituent of something : FUNDAMENTAL

Both are perfect in describing something rudimentary (which is another good word). You can use fundamental either as a noun, or as an adjective.

Source: https://www.merriam-webster.com/