As what does "very much" function in "to be very much"?

Solution 1:

It acts as an intensifier, to add emphasis to the statement that is being made. You can't use very on its own in sentences of this type ("We are very a family"); you have to say very much.

Solution 2:

It's an adverb modifying (emphasizing) the verb be. Cf. certainly, surely etc.

We (are) (very much) a family.
        ↓             ↓
        verb ← adverb of emphasis

HTH.