Term for particularizing someone's behavior in a discussion where they aim at avoiding to be blamed for having a double standard

Solution 1:

To explain away a phrasal verb: TFD

to dismiss or minimize the significance of (something) by means of an explanation or excuse

As in:

There is no way to explain away my carelessness.

Solution 2:

One of the senses of rationalise / rationalising covers this, though it is broader in scope:

rationalise ['BrE' spelling] verb ...

1 Attempt to explain or justify (behaviour or an attitude) with logical reasons, even if these are not appropriate.

{ODO} (ODO does not mention the intransitive usage; M-W does.)