'They ride a bike.' vs 'They ride bikes.'

In English, generically engaging in an activity can be given in the singular form.

  • play a musical instrument
  • ride a bike
  • mow a lawn
  • cook a meal
  • drive a car
  • crank out an article [write an article]
  • take a taxi
  • make a profit

It can be argued that all the examples above link the verb to the item to express engaging in an activity. The nouns are "intimately" related to the activity.

  • Many people play a musical instrument.
  • Most children here learn to ride a bike.
  • Mowing a lawn is not something I enjoy.
  • He likes to cook a meal from time to time.

They usually ride a bike to that location. [a general activity]
Compare: They usually hitch a ride to that location. [a general activity]

They ride company bikes, not rental ones. [the plural is not about the activity per se, it is about the type of thing used for it.]

And to show the question:

They ride bikes. They don't ride horses. [bikes is contrasted with horses]

They ride a bike [when they feel like it.] [the activity]

When the emphasis in the sentence is on a general activity, the verb + a + item can be used. When the emphasis is not on the activity but on the item, the plural is used.

That man likes to make a profit. [general] That man likes to make profits. [specific]

proof of this pudding :)

In sum: the difference, therefore, is between a general idea versus a specific idea.