arp-requests cannot be seen by specific nodes

I create an open ad-hoc wlan by using iwconfig (I have the same issue with wpa_supplicant as well). there are 4 nodes on the network as seen on the figure below. The nodes run ubuntu 12.04 and debian squeeze, and have 3.7.1, 3.5 and 3.2 kernels. I use two different usb dongle brands (TP link and ZCN) that all have AR9271 chipset and ath9k_htc driver (here is lsusb output and ethtool output).

The problem I am experiencing is that two nodes (10.0.0.2 and 10.0.0.5) which have TP link usb wifi dongles can ping any node on the network, and vice-versa. However, the other nodes (10.0.0.6 and 10.0.0.7) that have ZCN wifi dongle cannot ping each other, but they have no problem communicating with TP-link wifi modules. tcpdump shows that 10.0.0.6 and 10.0.0.7 cannot see their arp-request, e.g.

20:37:52.470305 ARP, Request who-has 10.0.0.7 tell 10.0.0.6, length 28
20:37:53.463713 ARP, Request who-has 10.0.0.7 tell 10.0.0.6, length 28
20:37:54.463622 ARP, Request who-has 10.0.0.7 tell 10.0.0.6, length 28
20:37:55.472868 ARP, Request who-has 10.0.0.7 tell 10.0.0.6, length 28
20:37:56.463439 ARP, Request who-has 10.0.0.7 tell 10.0.0.6, length 28
20:37:57.463469 ARP, Request who-has 10.0.0.7 tell 10.0.0.6, length 28

but they are able to see and get reply from TP-link's modules.

20:39:23.634459 ARP, Request who-has 10.0.0.2 tell 10.0.0.6, length 28
20:39:23.634551 ARP, Reply 10.0.0.2 is-at 64:70:02:18:d4:6a (oui Unknown), length 28
20:39:23.636687 IP 10.0.0.6 > 10.0.0.2: ICMP echo request, id 572, seq 1, length 64
20:39:23.636809 IP 10.0.0.2 > 10.0.0.6: ICMP echo reply, id 572, seq 1, length 64
20:39:24.635497 IP 10.0.0.6 > 10.0.0.2: ICMP echo request, id 572, seq 2, length 64
20:39:24.635558 IP 10.0.0.2 > 10.0.0.6: ICMP echo reply, id 572, seq 2, length 64
20:39:28.651946 ARP, Request who-has 10.0.0.6 tell 10.0.0.2, length 28
20:39:28.654021 ARP, Reply 10.0.0.6 is-at 00:19:70:94:7c:8b (oui Unknown), length 28

My question is that what could be the reason that 10.0.0.6 and 10.0.0.7 cannot see the arp-request that they send each other? How can I find out the problem?

If I add couple more nodes with ZCN wifi dongle on the network, these nodes are also not able to talk with each other, but they are fine with TP-link. Or if I swap the wifi modules, the nodes with ZCN have always problem but TP-link modules are fine.

here is the /etc/network/interfaces, ifconfig, iwconfig, ip a, ip r, route outputs

EDIT: I was suspecting if the problem is arp_filter related but /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/*/arp_filter is 0 on the all subdomains(*). If I add arp info of 10.0.0.6 and 10.0.0.7 manually on these nodes, tcpdump and wireshark does not show that they send ping to each other. If I ping the broadcast address (10.0.0.255 in my case), 10.0.0.6 and 10.0.0.7 are able hear it.

EDIT2: Here is pcap files http://filebin.net/6cle9a5iae from 10.0.0.6 (ZCN module), 10.0.0.7 (ZCN module), and 10.0.0.5 (TP-link module that does not have problem). here is the ping outputs from 10.0.0.6 http://pastebin.com/swFP2CJ9 I captured the packages simultaneously. The link also includes ifconfig; iwconfig; and uname- a outputs for each node.

Solution 1:

I had the same problem recently. I figured out that AR9271 chipset's have problem on onboard transmitter antenna. If you use an external antenna, then you will not have a problem. And this problem only occurs on ad-hoc mode.

The reason you don't experience problem with the TP-link should be that these modules uses external antenna which overcomes the chipset's problem, and ZCN modules should not have an external antenna.

Solution 2:

This could be related to the "hidden node problem" if .6 and .7 aren't in direct radio contact, but without knowing the distances involved it's impossible to say.

Also either or both of the chipsets could have a buggy ad-hoc mode, it's not used much these days and wouldn't be surprising.