No password input field on lock screen
Reloading unity restores the password input on the login screen for me (Ubuntu 14.04 with a Nvidia GPU).
Switch to an alternate terminal using Ctrl+Alt+F1.
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Reload unity with:
nohup unity --replace &
Switch back to your graphical terminal using Ctrl+Alt+F7. You may have to wait several seconds if you see a black screen.
Unity sort of works after this but you can at least save your work in progress:
The compiz grid plugin seems to think multiple monitors are now a single monitor.
The global menu bar no longer works.
Menus in window title bars no longer work (if enabled).
Custom global keyboard shortcuts don't work.