Best way to parse bbcode

I'd like to work on a bbcode filter for a php website. (I'm using cakephp, it would be a bbcode helper) I have some requirement.

Bbcodes can be nested. So something like that is valid.

[block]  
    [block]  
    [/block]  
    [block]  
        [block]  
        [/block]  
    [/block]  
[/block]  

Bbcodes can have 0 or more parameters.

Exemple:

[video: url="url", width="500", height="500"]Title[/video]

Bbcodes might have mutliple behaviours.

Let say, [url]text[/url] would be transformed to [url:url="text"]text[/url] or the video bbcode would be able to choose between youtube, dailymotion....

I think it cover most of my needs. I alreay done something with regex. But my biggest problem was to match parameters. In fact, I got nested bbcode to work and bbcode with 0 parameters. But when I added a regex match for parameters it didn't match nested bbcode correctly.

"\[($tag)(=.*)\"\](.*)\[\/\1\]" // It wasn't .* but the non-gready matcher

I don't have the complete regex with me right now, But I had something that looked like that(above).

So is there a way to match bbcode efficiently with regex or something else. The only thing I can think of is to use the visitor pattern and to split my text with each possible tags this way, I can have a bit more of control over my text parsing and I could probably validate my document so if the input text doesn't have valid bbcode. I could Notify the user with a error before saving anything.

I would use sablecc to create my text parser. http://sablecc.org/

Any better idea? or anything that could lead to a efficient flexible bbcode parser?

Thank you and sorry for my bad english...

Solution 1:

There are several existing libraries for parsing BBCode, it may be easier to look into those than trying to roll your own:

Here's a couple, I'm sure there are more if you look around:
PECL bbcode
PEAR HTML_BBCodeParser

Solution 2:

Been looking into bbcode parsers myself. Most of them use regex and PHP4 and produce errors on PHP 5.2+ or don't work at all. PECL bbcode and PEAR HTML_BBCodeParser don't appear to be maintained any more (late 2012) and aren't easily installed on the shared hosting setup I have to work with. StringParser_BBCode works with some minor tweaks for 5.2+ but the method for adding new tags is clumsy, and it was last updated in 2008.

Buried on the 4th page of of a Bing search (I was getting desperate) I found jBBCode, which appears new and requires PHP 5.3. MIT Lisence. I have yet to try building custom tags, but so far it is the only one I've tried that works out of the box on a shared hosting account with PHP 5.3.

Solution 3:

There's both a pecl and PEAR BBCode parsing library. Software's hard enough without reinventing years of work on your own.

If neither of those are an option, I'd concentrate on turning the BBCode into a valid XML string, and then using your favorite XML parsing routine on that. Very very rough idea here, but

1. Run the code through htmlspecialchars to escape any entities that need escaping

2. Transform all [ and ] characters into < and > respectively

3. Don't forget to account for the colon in cases like [tagname:

If the BBCode was nested properly, you should be all set to pass this string into an XML parsing object (SimpleXML, DOMDocument, etc.)