a beautiful feeling that is a result of suffering
Your description brings to mind the words "glory" and "glorious", which can be defined as a "profound expression of beauty". As beauty, it can be perceived in many ways - not only visually. It certainly encompasses the concept of victory - "derived from overcoming obstacles, pain, and sufferings". It seems similar to "Yugen" as an obviously present, but inexpressible beauty.
Glory - The Free Dictionary
Glorious - The Free Dictionary