Idiom for "trying to figure something out"?
Solution 1:
A similar idiom in English: "I'll have to chew on that for a while."
How it may affect your dental health compared to sucking caramal is debatable.
Less interesting, but gets the job done: to mull something over.
Solution 2:
I think rack one’s brain may fit in your context:
to strain in mental effort, esp to remember something or to find the solution to a problem.
(Collide Dictionary)