Xcode Organizer: can not use iPhone (dyld_shared_cache_extract_dylibs failed)

Target path to directory has been changed since Xcode 3.

If you have same issue in Xcode 8 then follow next steps:

1. Delete a directory in ~/Library/Developer/Xcode/iOS DeviceSupport/
   that matches the version of the iOS on your device.
2. Restart Xcode.

Source: Apple Developer Forum

After all this time I wanna contribute with one more possible solution for this problem...

1. Open Devices and Simulators
2. Right click on your device and select Unpair Device
3. Wait until your device ask for trust - this is important.. I noted that if I don´t wait this step the error persists
   
4. Click on the plus button down... (+).
   
5. When the next window open, if your iPhone still not appears wait a lit bit.. will appear
6. When your device appear, select it.

One more thing: I changed the version inside /Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Platforms/iPhoneOS.platform/DeviceSupport from 10.3 to 10.3.3 - that is "exactly" version on my device, so, observe this too.

Believe in me guys... I bought 2 cables, investigate all links in google, bing, yahoo, books, forums... everything and nothing solves... until this.

For me the approach that worked was the one mentioned here which is:

1. Open Finder and go to ~/Library/Developer/Xcode/iOS DeviceSupport/
2. Remove the folder that matches your device and reconnect your phone

For Xcode 10.1, iOS 13.3 Below helped me.

Copied from https://forums.developer.apple.com/thread/108917

1. go to ~/Library/Developer/Xcode/iOS DeviceSupport/13.2/Symbols/System/Library/Caches/com.apple.dyld

2. create empty file if it is not there - .processed_dyld_shared_cache_arm64e

3. restart xcode and enjoy!