How to find entry by object property from an array of objects?

You either iterate the array, searching for the particular record (ok in a one time only search) or build a hashmap using another associative array.

For the former, something like this

$item = null;
foreach($array as $struct) {
    if ($v == $struct->ID) {
        $item = $struct;
        break;
    }
}

See this question and subsequent answers for more information on the latter - Reference PHP array by multiple indexes

$arr = [
  [
    'ID' => 1
  ]
];

echo array_search(1, array_column($arr, 'ID')); // prints 0 (!== false)

Above code echoes the index of the matching element, or false if none.

To get the corresponding element, do something like:

$i = array_search(1, array_column($arr, 'ID'));
$element = ($i !== false ? $arr[$i] : null);

array_column works both on an array of arrays, and on an array of objects.

YurkamTim is right. It needs only a modification:

After function($) you need a pointer to the external variable by "use(&$searchedValue)" and then you can access the external variable. Also you can modify it.

$neededObject = array_filter(
    $arrayOfObjects,
    function ($e) use (&$searchedValue) {
        return $e->id == $searchedValue;
    }
);

I've found more elegant solution here. Adapted to the question it may look like:

$neededObject = array_filter(
    $arrayOfObjects,
    function ($e) use ($searchedValue) {
        return $e->id == $searchedValue;
    }
);

Using array_column to re-index will save time if you need to find multiple times:

$lookup = array_column($arr, NULL, 'id');   // re-index by 'id'

Then you can simply $lookup[$id] at will.