CPU cooling - one fan vs. two?
I have a fairly large aftermarket cooler (Xigmatek Gaia) for my i5-2500k processor. It shipped with one fan (pushing air into the cooler) but has the ability to put a 2nd fan on it (push-pull configuration). I believe the fan is starting to fail, so I'm going to replace it.
My question is, should I go ahead and get two fans for it? I know in cooling the thought is "more is better" but I'm having a hard time believing that two fans blowing an equal volume of air would somehow cool better than just the single fan. My attempts to Google the question were stymied by large amounts of marketing with little info about actual effectiveness, especially in the 1 vs. 2 area. Anyone out there have some know-how about it, especially with regards to the physics of cooling/airflow?
For the record, I am not overclocking now because I have concerns about the fan, but I have in the past and probably will in the future.
Since no one was able to provide a concrete answer, I took this to physicsforums.com and asked them. There was some debate there as well, but the end result I got was that two fans definitely can help. The reason is that the second fan increases the pressure along the length of the radiator. One of the regulars there stated this:
The general rule of thumb is that fans in series double the pressure at the same flow and fans in parallel double the flow at the same pressure.
Basically, if the radiator were a straight, frictionless tube with no gaps, then this rule would apply exactly and there would be no benefit to a second fan. However, in the real world, the radiator is far from perfect. There are blockages on the edge of the fins, friction as it flows along the fins, and lots of places for the air to leak out along the way. What the second fan actually accomplishes is not increasing the overall airflow, but making sure that more of the air flows smoothly along the entire thickness of the radiator.
The increased pressure would allow it to keep the speed up by overcoming some of the resistance of friction. That small volume of air that would have hit the first fin and blown out sideways will now be more likely to stay within the radiator, continuing to gather heat along the entire fin. This explains why hardware/overclocking sites and manufacturers report modest, but not phenomenal, gains by adding a second fan in push-pull configuration.
Thanks to everyone here and at Physics Forums who weighed in. It was an enlightening discussion.
(I did go with two fans because I found a great sale on them.)