Are there any examples of non-computable real numbers?
Is this true, that if we can describe any (real) number somehow, then it is computable?
For example, $\pi$ is computable although it is irrational, i.e. endless decimal fraction. It was just a luck, that there are some simple periodic formulas to calcualte $\pi$. If it wasn't than we were unable to calculate $\pi$ ans it was non-computable.
If so, that we can't provide any examples of non-computable numbers? Is that right?
The only thing that we can say is that these numbers are exist in many, but we can't point to any of them. Right?
I haven't thought this through, but it seems to me that if you let $BB$ be the Busy Beaver function, then $$\sum_{i=1}^\infty 2^{-BB(i)}=2^{-1}+2^{-6}+2^{-21}+2^{-107}+\ ... \ \approx 0.515625476837158203125000000000006$$ should be a noncomputable real number, since if you were able to compute it with sufficient precision you would be able to solve the halting problem.
Chaitin's constant is an example (actually a family of examples) of a non-computable number. It represents the probability that a randomly-generated program (in a certain model) will halt.
It can be calculated approximately, but there is (provably) no algorithm for calculating it with arbitrary precision.
Any language can be turned into a number, by setting the $i^{th}$ decimal to 1 if the $i^{th}$ word is in the language, and to 0 otherwise. So we can build for instance the number $H$, which describes the halting problem and is therefore uncomputable.