Re-install (repair) Server 2012 Roles & Features
Solution 1:
You could use PowerShell and do something like -
import-module ServerManager
Get-WindowsFeature |
Where-Object {$_.installed} |
Tee-Object -Variable CurrentRoles |
Remove-WindowsFeature
$CurrentRoles |
Export-CliXML c:\CurrentRoles.xml
Restart-Computer
After the computer reboots -
Import-CliXML c:\CurrentRoles.xml |
Add-WindowsFeature
Restart-Computer
I haven't run this exact sequence, so test before running in production, but I have used this pattern for server provisioning.