Keeping configs, user ids, groups and passwords consistent across Linux-servers

Solution 1:

Any proper answer is going to more or less boil down to this:

  1. Keep configs in a config management system. These can also handle package installation and upgrades. (Puppet, Chef, etc.)
  2. Use some sort of centralized database for user and group information. (LDAP, Kerberos, NIS, etc.)
  3. Use shared storage for /home. (NFS is the most frequently-used method here)