Run the command dpkg -S mod_ssl.so. Chances are that it will display something like:

apache2.2-common: /usr/lib/apache2/modules/mod_ssl.so

It means that mod_ssl is already installed on your system, as it does not come in a separate package, but it is bundled in apache2.2-common. Run

a2enmod ssl

to enable it, if it is not already enabled.