Explain Apache Beam python syntax
Operators in Python can be overloaded. In Beam, | is a synonym for apply, which applies a PTransform to a PCollection to produce a new PCollection. >> allows you to name a step for easier display in various UIs -- the string between the | and the >> is only used for these display purposes and identifying that particular application.
See https://beam.apache.org/documentation/programming-guide/#transforms