Is there a simply connected region with only two (or 1<N<$+\infty$) boundary points?
My textbook states the Riemann mapping theorem as follows:
If D is a simply-connected domain on the extended complex plane that has at least two boundary points ... (translated)
I'm wondering what a simply-connected region with only two boundary points would be.
Definition of simply-connected domain:
For every simple closed curve C in domain D, all points in the interior of C are also in D, where the "interior" means: a simple closed curve in the plane divides the plane into two regions, one exterior, one interior.
What I know:
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There are both points belonging and not belonging to the set in any neighborhood of the boundary point.
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The complement of a simply-connected region is a connected region.
PS. I major in physics. I don't know much about this problem and the translation maybe not very clear. The textbook is specially written for physics students as well.
Thanks a lot.
Solution 1:
No, there isn't. If the region has finitely many boundary boundary points, then the boundary is equal to the complement of the region. But
- The complement of a simply-connected region is connected.
- Connected metric spaces with at least 2 points are uncountable.
Solution 2:
There are no simple connected domains with 2 boundary points, but the complete extended complex plane is a simple connected domain without boundary points. The extended complex plane with one point removed is a simple connected domain with one boundary point. Those are all the examples. So my guess is that your textbook is using "with at least two boundary points" as a shortcut of "different from the whole extended complex plane or the extended complex plane with a point removed"