Proof that a nonzero point is continuous for g(x)
I have come across this problem in my math book for my numerical analysis class:
Let $g(x)=\sqrt[3]{x}$.
Prove that $g$ is continuous at a point $c \neq 0$.
I start my proof off the typical way for proving a continuous function:
Given some arbitrary $\epsilon > 0$, let $\delta=$ ... and then I get lost. I cannot find what my delta should be for the life of me. I am primarily struggling with the triangle inequalities for this problem, in order to find what our delta should be. Guidance is much appreciated!
This is not an answer - please do not regard it as such. This response is too long-winded for the comments.
This response is a partial exploration of the considerations needed, under the assumption that $c$ is a fixed number, with $c > 0$. The possibility of (fixed) $c < 0$ needs to be explored separately.
These comments will guide you in a complicated setting.
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$|x - c| < \delta \iff c -\delta < x < c + \delta.$
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$|x^{1/3} - c^{1/3}| < \epsilon \iff c^{1/3} - \epsilon < x^{1/3} < c^{1/3} + \epsilon.$
Suppose (for example) that
$c + \delta < \left(c^{1/3} + \epsilon\right)^3$
and that $x < c + \delta$.
Then $x^{1/3} < \left(c + \delta\right)^{1/3} < \left(c^{1/3} + \epsilon\right).$
$\left(c^{1/3} + \epsilon\right)^3 = c + 3c^{2/3}\epsilon + 3c^{1/3}\epsilon^2 + \epsilon^3.$
Can $\delta$ be specified in terms of $\epsilon$ so as to guarantee that
$(c + \delta) < c + 3c^{2/3}\epsilon + 3c^{1/3}\epsilon^2 + \epsilon^3~$?
What happens if you set $\delta = \min\left[3c^{2/3}\epsilon, ~\textit{something else}\right]$,
where (something else) will be determined by the LHS of the constraint
$\left( ~\text{i.e.} ~~c^{1/3} - \epsilon < x^{1/3} ~\right)~$?
As a potential shortcut, suppose that you demonstrate that $g(x) = \sqrt[3]{x}$ is continuous for all $c > 0$. Is there then an easy way of showing that $g(x)$ is continuous at all $d < 0~$?
Note that $\{d < 0, ~c = -d\} \implies c > 0.$
Then, $g(d) = -g(c)$.
If you then know that $g(x)$ is continuous at $(x = c)$,
can you use this fact to conclude that $g(x)$ is continuous at $(x = d = -c)~$?