A proper general recursive function which grows slower than a primitive recursive function.
Yes, via direct diagonalization: let $$f(x)=\begin{cases} 1 & \mbox{ if } p_x(x)=0,\\ 0 & \mbox{ if } p_x(x)>0\\ \end{cases}$$ where $(p_n)_{n\in\mathbb{N}}$ is the usual effective enumeration of the primitive recursive functions. This $f$ is computable, not primitive recursive, and as bounded as one could hope.