Macbook restarts because of panic error, what is the actual cause?

Solution 1:

There's not enough information here to establish preliminary cause. At minimum, we should enable kernel symbolication and reproduce the panic to try to understand more about the failure chain. Instructions are below.

The only hint I have from this report is that (1) you are running VirtualBox, which includes four kernel extensions that inject code directly into protected kernel memory, (2) you are running Code Helper, which is presumably a Windows binary that is being executed via VirtualBox, and (3) you may be trying to communicate with a USB serial console device, probably as part of your Windows-based debugging. There is generally an elevated risk of instability when doing this via kernel extensions due to frequently buggy third-party code. So if this happens regularly, try stopping that workflow (and potentially running the VirtualBox uninstaller) and see if that resolves your panics.

Here is how to enable kernel panic report symbolication:

1. Run the following Terminal command: sudo nvram boot-args="keepsyms=1". Make sure to copy-paste this so that you're entering straight quotes rather than curly/“smart” quotes. (If you get a permission error, you will first need to disable System Integrity Protection. You can re-enable it after you're done with this investigation.)
2. Reboot your machine. The next time this crash happens, your report will have a symbolicated backtrace. Update your question with the new report.