Words with most meanings
For a long time, "set" had the most meanings in the OED, but now it is "run". From the New York Times of 25th May 2011:
Which is the most lustrously complex word among the three quarters of a million or so words and senses that make up this vast mongrel tongue we know as the English language?
Well, according to the O.E.D.’s chief editor, John Simpson, we now have a winner — and a winner that may well say something about the current state of English-speaking humankind. For while in the first edition of the O.E.D., in 1928, that richest-of-all-words was “set” (75 columns of type, some 200 senses), the victor in today’s rather more frantic and uncongenial world is, without a doubt, the three-letter word “run.”
... Mr. Gilliver has finally calculated that there are for the verb-form alone of “run” no fewer than 645 meanings. A record.
In terms of sheer size, the entry for “run” is half as big again as that for “put,” a word on which Mr. Gilliver also worked some years ago. But more significantly still, “run” is also far bigger than the old chestnut “set,” a word that, says Mr. Gilliver, simply “hasn’t undergone as much development in the 20th and 21st centuries as has ‘run.’ ”
This is what I get using WRI curated data. Click to see a larger image.
For the record, the script used is:
r = SortBy[{Length[#[[2]]], #[[1]]}&/@({#, WordData[#]} & /@ DictionaryLookup[]), -First@# &]
BarChart[Transpose[r1][[1]],
ChartLabels ->
Placed[Text[Style[#, Italic, 24]] & /@ Transpose[r1][[2]], Center, Rotate[#, Pi/2] &]]
Edit
Just answering comments and other answers, here are the 76 meanings of break
according to WRI.
1 Noun Flight
2 Noun Open Frame
3 Noun Dash
4 Noun Change Of Integrity
5 Noun Holdup
6 Noun Break Of Serve
7 Noun Shot
8 Noun Pause
9 Noun Modification
10 Noun Breach
11 Noun Fortuity
12 Noun Breakup
13 Noun Occurrent
14 Noun Crevice
15 Noun Hurt
16 Noun Interval
17 Verb Weaken
18 Verb Diminish
19 Verb Injure
20 Verb Fall
21 Verb Domesticate
22 Verb Change
23 Verb Turn
24 Verb Damage
25 Verb Change Integrity
26 Verb Divide
27 Verb Check
28 Verb Develop
29 Verb Break Off
30 Verb Interrupt
31 Verb Deaden
32 Verb Break Down
33 Verb Change Voice
34 Verb Go
35 Verb Lick
36 Verb Destroy
37 Verb Diphthongize
38 Verb Disrupt
39 Verb Pause
40 Verb Tell
41 Verb Get Out
42 Verb Outstrip
43 Verb Penetrate
44 Verb Become Punctured
45 Verb Detach
46 Verb Crumble
47 Verb Bust
48 Verb Disunite
49 Verb Shoot
50 Verb Modify
51 Verb Exchange
52 Verb Express Feelings
53 Verb Trip The Light Fantastic Toe
54 Verb Give Way
55 Verb Founder
56 Verb Appear
57 Verb Scatter
58 Verb Take Flight
59 Verb Get Away
60 Verb Change Direction
61 Verb Impoverish
62 Verb Designate
63 Verb Split
64 Verb Invalidate
65 Verb Break Away
66 Verb Ruin
67 Verb Disrespect
68 Verb Trespass
69 Verb Come About
70 Verb Emerge
71 Verb Violate
72 Verb Quit
73 Verb Give Up Habit
74 Verb Vary
75 Verb Finish
76 Interjection
This trivia has already been studied. The top five words in the list are:
- set (464 definitions)
- run (396 definitions)
- go (368 definitions)
- take (343 definitions)
- stand (334 definitions)
I believe the answer is set. It has more than 200 definitions in the OED, organised thus:
To cause to sit, seat; to be seated, sit.
To sink, descend.
To put in a definite place (the manner of the action being implied either in the verb itself or in the context).
To place or cause to be in a position, condition, relation, or connection. (This group embraces a large number of uses in which the precise implication of sense depends mainly on the kind of construction employed.)
To appoint, prescribe, ordain, establish.
To arrange, fix, adjust.
To place mentally, suppose, estimate.
To put or come into a settled position or condition.
To put in the way of following a course, cause to take a certain direction.
Senses perhaps arising from reversal of construction or from ellipsis (their origin being often obscure).
With prepositions in specialized senses.
With adverbs in specialized senses.
This is just for the verb usage, set is also used as an adjective, noun, conjunction and comb. form.
The most polysemous word in the OED is set.