Handling key-press events (F1-F12) using JavaScript and jQuery, cross-browser

I want to handle F1-F12 keys using JavaScript and jQuery.

I am not sure what pitfalls there are to avoid, and I am not currently able to test implementations in any other browsers than Internet Explorer 8, Google Chrome and Mozilla FireFox 3.

Any suggestions to a full cross-browser solution? Something like a well-tested jQuery library or maybe just vanilla jQuery/JavaScript?

Solution 1:

I agree with William that in general it is a bad idea to hijack the function keys. That said, I found the shortcut library that adds this functionality, as well as other keyboard shortcuts and combination, in a very slick way.

Single keystroke:

shortcut.add("F1", function() {
    alert("F1 pressed");
});

Combination of keystrokes:

shortcut.add("Ctrl+Shift+A", function() {
    alert("Ctrl Shift A pressed");
});

Solution 2:

The best source I have for this kind of question is this page: http://www.quirksmode.org/js/keys.html

What they say is that the key codes are odd on Safari, and consistent everywhere else (except that there's no keypress event on IE, but I believe keydown works).

Solution 3:

I am not sure if intercepting function keys is possible, but I would avoid using function keys all together. Function keys are used by browsers to perform a variety of tasks, some of them quite common. For example, in Firefox on Linux, at least six or seven of the function keys are reserved for use by the browser:

• F1 (Help),
• F3 (Search),
• F5 (Refresh),
• F6 (focus address bar),
• F7 (caret browsing mode),
• F11 (full screen mode), and
• F12 (used by several add-ons, including Firebug)

The worst part is that different browsers on different operating systems use different keys for different things. That's a lot of differences to account for. You should stick to safer, less commonly used key combinations.

Solution 4:

It is very simple.

$(function(){
    //Yes! use keydown because some keys are fired only in this trigger,
    //such arrows keys
    $("body").keydown(function(e){
         //well so you need keep on mind that your browser use some keys 
         //to call some function, so we'll prevent this
         e.preventDefault();

         //now we caught the key code.
         var keyCode = e.keyCode || e.which;

         //your keyCode contains the key code, F1 to F12 
         //is among 112 and 123. Just it.
         console.log(keyCode);       
    });
});