Can "to seed" and "to sow" be used interchangeably?

No, they can't always be used interchangeably. To sow seeds is to put or spread them where you want them to grow, or you can speak of sowing a particular type of plant. You can seed a patch of ground (sow seeds on it), but 'seed' as a verb can also mean to produce seeds (of a plant), to remove the seeds from a fruit, as well as the various metaphorical uses mentioned by user067531.

I would just point out that while you can "sow the seeds", you should not "seed the sows".

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