Solution 1:

Go to chrome://chrome/settings/ > Under "On startup" > Choose Open a specific page or set of pages. Here you can specify URLs of pages that you want to automatically launch every time on startup.

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Another thing you could do is, bookmark all your frequently visited apps in a folder. You can launch all those bookmarks in a single-click when necessary. This gives better control in my opinion.

Solution 2:

Yes. Just list the URLs as arguments to the Chrome program. In Windows for example:

Path\To\Chrome\chrome.exe superuser.com stackoverflow.com google.com

Again in Windows, you could create a batch file with that and a shortcut to it, for any set(s) of tabs you frequent.

A similar approach should work on any OS Chrome supports, because the command line should function the same.

Solution 3:

There is add-on for chrome called tabcloud which is nice for that.