Separating CamelCase string into space-separated words in Swift

I would like to separate a CamelCase string into space-separated words in a new string. Here is what I have so far:

var camelCaps: String {
    guard self.count > 0 else { return self }
    var newString: String = ""

    let uppercase = CharacterSet.uppercaseLetters
    let first = self.unicodeScalars.first!
    newString.append(Character(first))
    for scalar in self.unicodeScalars.dropFirst() {
        if uppercase.contains(scalar) {
            newString.append(" ")
        }
        let character = Character(scalar)
        newString.append(character)
    }

    return newString
}

let aCamelCaps = "aCamelCaps"
let camelCapped = aCamelCaps.camelCaps // Produce: "a Camel Caps"

let anotherCamelCaps = "ÄnotherCamelCaps"
let anotherCamelCapped = anotherCamelCaps.camelCaps // "Änother Camel Caps"

I'm inclined to suspect that this may not be the most efficient way to convert to space-separated words, if I call it in a tight loop, or 1000's of times. Are there more efficient ways to do this in Swift?

[Edit 1:] The solution I require should remain general for Unicode scalars, not specific to Roman ASCII "A..Z".

[Edit 2:] The solution should also skip the first letter, i.e. not prepend a space before the first letter.

[Edit 3:] Updated for Swift 4 syntax, and added caching of uppercaseLetters, which improves performance in very long strings and tight loops.

Solution 1:

extension String {
    func camelCaseToWords() -> String {
        return unicodeScalars.dropFirst().reduce(String(prefix(1))) {
            return CharacterSet.uppercaseLetters.contains($1)
                ? $0 + " " + String($1)
                : $0 + String($1)
        }
    }
}
print("ÄnotherCamelCaps".camelCaseToWords()) // Änother Camel Caps

May be helpful for someone :)

Solution 2:

One Line Solution

I concur with @aircraft, regular expressions can solve this problem in one LOC!

// Swift 5 (and probably 4?)
extension String {
    func titleCase() -> String {
        return self
            .replacingOccurrences(of: "([A-Z])",
                                  with: " $1",
                                  options: .regularExpression,
                                  range: range(of: self))
            .trimmingCharacters(in: .whitespacesAndNewlines)
            .capitalized // If input is in llamaCase
    }
}

Props to this JS answer.

P.S. I have a gist for snake_case → CamelCase here.

P.P.S. I updated this for New Swift (currently 5.1), then saw @busta's answer, and swapped out my startIndex..<endIndex for his range(of: self). Credit where it's due y'all!

Solution 3:

a better full swifty solution... based on AmitaiB answer

extension String {
    func titlecased() -> String {
        return self.replacingOccurrences(of: "([A-Z])", with: " $1", options: .regularExpression, range: self.range(of: self))
            .trimmingCharacters(in: .whitespacesAndNewlines)
            .capitalized
    }
}