"Could not chdir to home directory /home/me: No such file or directory"

Solution 1:

adduser is too basic and doesn't set the defaults properly. It's recommended to use useradd whenever is possible. You can remove the new user and create it again with useradd -D me or repair it yourself:

sudo mkdir /home/me
sudo usermod --shell /bin/bash --home /home/me me
sudo chown -R me:me /home/me
cp /etc/skel/.* /home/me/

If you had used getent passwd me as Florian suggested you should have seen something like this:

sudo getent passwd me
boggus:x:1002:1002::/home/me:/bin/sh

And ls /home wouldn't shown the user directory as your error:

Could not chdir to home directory /home/me: No such file or directory