WPF Binding a ListBox to an enum, displaying the Description Attribute

Yes, it is possible. This will do it. Say we have the enum

public enum MyEnum
{
    [Description("MyEnum1 Description")]
    MyEnum1,
    [Description("MyEnum2 Description")]
    MyEnum2,
    [Description("MyEnum3 Description")]
    MyEnum3
}

Then we can use the ObjectDataProvider as

xmlns:MyEnumerations="clr-namespace:MyEnumerations"

<ObjectDataProvider MethodName="GetValues"
                ObjectType="{x:Type sys:Enum}"
                x:Key="MyEnumValues">
    <ObjectDataProvider.MethodParameters>
        <x:Type TypeName="MyEnumerations:MyEnum" />
    </ObjectDataProvider.MethodParameters>
</ObjectDataProvider>

And for the ListBox we set the ItemsSource to MyEnumValues and apply an ItemTemplate with a Converter.

<ListBox Name="c_myListBox" SelectedIndex="0" Margin="8"
        ItemsSource="{Binding Source={StaticResource MyEnumValues}}">
    <ListBox.ItemTemplate>
        <DataTemplate>
            <TextBlock Text="{Binding Converter={StaticResource EnumDescriptionConverter}}"/>
        </DataTemplate>
    </ListBox.ItemTemplate>
</ListBox>

And in the converter we get the description and return it

public class EnumDescriptionConverter : IValueConverter
{
    private string GetEnumDescription(Enum enumObj)
    {
        FieldInfo fieldInfo = enumObj.GetType().GetField(enumObj.ToString());

        object[] attribArray = fieldInfo.GetCustomAttributes(false);

        if (attribArray.Length == 0)
        {
            return enumObj.ToString();
        }
        else
        {
            DescriptionAttribute attrib = attribArray[0] as DescriptionAttribute;
            return attrib.Description;
        }
    }

    object IValueConverter.Convert(object value, Type targetType, object parameter, CultureInfo culture)
    {
        Enum myEnum = (Enum)value;
        string description = GetEnumDescription(myEnum);
        return description;
    }

    object IValueConverter.ConvertBack(object value, Type targetType, object parameter, CultureInfo culture)
    {
        return string.Empty;
    }
}

The GetEnumDescription method should probably go somewhere else but you get the idea :)

Check GetEnumDescription as extension method.

Another solution would be a custom MarkupExtension that generates the items from enum type. This makes the xaml more compact and readable.

using System.ComponentModel;

namespace EnumDemo
{
    public enum Numbers
    {
        [Description("1")]
        One,

        [Description("2")]
        Two,

        Three,
    }
}

Example of usage:

<Window x:Class="EnumDemo.MainWindow"
    xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
    xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
    xmlns:d="http://schemas.microsoft.com/expression/blend/2008"
    xmlns:mc="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/markup-compatibility/2006"
    xmlns:local="clr-namespace:EnumDemo">

    <ListBox ItemsSource="{local:EnumToCollection EnumType={x:Type local:Numbers}}"/>

</Window>

MarkupExtension implementation

using System;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.Linq;
using System.Windows.Markup;

namespace EnumDemo
{
    public class EnumToCollectionExtension : MarkupExtension
    {
        public Type EnumType { get; set; }

        public override object ProvideValue(IServiceProvider serviceProvider)
        {
            if (EnumType == null) throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(EnumType));

            return Enum.GetValues(EnumType).Cast<Enum>().Select(EnumToDescriptionOrString);
        }

        private string EnumToDescriptionOrString(Enum value)
        {
            return value.GetType().GetField(value.ToString())
                       .GetCustomAttributes(typeof(DescriptionAttribute), false)
                       .Cast<DescriptionAttribute>()
                       .FirstOrDefault()?.Description ?? value.ToString();
        }
    }
}