Keep git history when splitting a file

I want to take a function out of one file and put it into another, but keep the blame history.

cp a.php b.php

vim b.php
# delete everything but 1 function

vim a.php
# delete the 1 function

git add a.php b.php
git commit

But if I run git blame b.php I only see it blaming to this new commit.

The general rule to maintaining blame history is to make a separate move commit first before any edits. It has been my experience that this allows git blame to work without the need for the -C option. So in the case of splitting the file up into new files, this can be done in two commits:

1. Duplicate the original to the new destinations, making sure to delete the original
2. Remove the extra sections from the duplicated files

In the example provided, this would be:

cp a.php b.php
mv a.php c.php
git add a.php b.php c.php
git commit
vim b.php  # delete everything but 1 function
vim c.php  # delete the 1 function
git add b.php c.php
git commit

I've slightly modified Peter's answer to another question here to create a reusable, non-interactive shell script called git-split.sh:

#!/bin/sh

if [[ $# -ne 2 ]] ; then
  echo "Usage: git-split.sh original copy"
  exit 0
fi

git mv $1 $2
git commit -n -m "Split history $1 to $2"
REV=`git rev-parse HEAD`
git reset --hard HEAD^
git mv $1 temp
git commit -n -m "Split history $1 to $2"
git merge $REV
git commit -a -n -m "Split history $1 to $2"
git mv temp $1
git commit -n -m "Split history $1 to $2"

It simply copies the source file into a new file, and both files have the same history. An explanation why this works can be seen in that other answer

Perhaps this previous SO question could be informative:

How does git track source code moved between files?

To paraphrase the accepted answer: essentially, Git doesn't actually "store" moved code; when generating things like blames for moved code, that's done ex post facto by examining the state of the entire repository from commit to commit.