In Fail2Ban, How to Change the SSH port number?
In my server, the ssh port is not the standard 22. I have set a different one. If I setup fail2ban, will it be able to detect that port? How can I tell it to check that port rather than port 22?
The output of iptables -L -v -n:
Chain fail2ban-ssh (1 references)
pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination
0 0 DROP all -- * * 119.235.2.158 0.0.0.0/0
0 0 RETURN all -- * * 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0
Chain fail2ban-ssh-ddos (0 references)
pkts bytes target prot opt in out source destination
The output of service iptables status :
iptables: unrecognized service
Summery of fail2ban-regex /var/log/auth.log /etc/fail2ban/filter.d/sshd.conf:
Summary
=======
Addresses found:
[1]
[2]
[3]
113.59.222.240 (Wed Mar 21 18:24:47 2012)
113.59.222.240 (Wed Mar 21 18:24:52 2012)
119.235.14.153 (Wed Mar 21 21:52:53 2012)
113.59.222.21 (Thu Mar 22 07:50:44 2012)
176.9.57.203 (Fri Mar 23 19:34:29 2012)
176.9.57.203 (Fri Mar 23 19:34:42 2012)
113.59.222.56 (Sat Mar 31 14:23:52 2012)
113.59.222.56 (Sat Mar 31 14:24:05 2012)
119.235.14.183 (Mon Apr 02 20:49:13 2012)
119.235.14.168 (Sat Apr 21 09:58:56 2012)
119.235.2.158 (Wed Apr 25 13:11:03 2012)
119.235.2.158 (Wed Apr 25 13:11:40 2012)
119.235.2.158 (Wed Apr 25 13:11:43 2012)
119.235.2.158 (Wed Apr 25 13:11:47 2012)
119.235.2.158 (Wed Apr 25 13:12:49 2012)
119.235.2.158 (Wed Apr 25 13:12:52 2012)
119.235.2.158 (Wed Apr 25 13:12:55 2012)
119.235.2.158 (Wed Apr 25 13:12:58 2012)
119.235.2.158 (Wed Apr 25 13:13:02 2012)
119.235.2.158 (Wed Apr 25 13:13:04 2012)
119.235.2.158 (Wed Apr 25 13:13:25 2012)
119.235.2.158 (Wed Apr 25 13:19:18 2012)
119.235.2.158 (Wed Apr 25 13:19:52 2012)
119.235.2.158 (Wed Apr 25 13:19:55 2012)
119.235.2.158 (Wed Apr 25 13:19:55 2012)
119.235.2.158 (Wed Apr 25 13:19:58 2012)
119.235.2.158 (Wed Apr 25 13:20:02 2012)
119.235.2.158 (Wed Apr 25 13:20:05 2012)
119.235.2.158 (Wed Apr 25 13:40:16 2012)
[4]
[5]
119.235.2.158 (Wed Apr 25 13:11:38 2012)
119.235.2.158 (Wed Apr 25 13:12:46 2012)
119.235.2.158 (Wed Apr 25 13:19:49 2012)
[6]
119.235.2.155 (Wed Mar 21 13:13:30 2012)
113.59.222.240 (Wed Mar 21 18:24:43 2012)
119.235.14.153 (Wed Mar 21 21:52:51 2012)
176.9.57.203 (Fri Mar 23 19:34:26 2012)
119.235.2.158 (Wed Apr 25 13:19:15 2012)
[7]
[8]
[9]
[10]
Date template hits:
1169837 hit(s): MONTH Day Hour:Minute:Second
0 hit(s): WEEKDAY MONTH Day Hour:Minute:Second Year
0 hit(s): WEEKDAY MONTH Day Hour:Minute:Second
0 hit(s): Year/Month/Day Hour:Minute:Second
0 hit(s): Day/Month/Year Hour:Minute:Second
0 hit(s): Day/Month/Year Hour:Minute:Second
0 hit(s): Day/MONTH/Year:Hour:Minute:Second
0 hit(s): Month/Day/Year:Hour:Minute:Second
0 hit(s): Year-Month-Day Hour:Minute:Second
0 hit(s): Day-MONTH-Year Hour:Minute:Second[.Millisecond]
0 hit(s): Day-Month-Year Hour:Minute:Second
0 hit(s): TAI64N
0 hit(s): Epoch
0 hit(s): ISO 8601
0 hit(s): Hour:Minute:Second
0 hit(s): <Month/Day/Year@Hour:Minute:Second>
Success, the total number of match is 37
However, look at the above section 'Running tests' which could contain important
information.
The jail.conf:
# Fail2Ban configuration file.
#
# This file was composed for Debian systems from the original one
# provided now under /usr/share/doc/fail2ban/examples/jail.conf
# for additional examples.
#
# To avoid merges during upgrades DO NOT MODIFY THIS FILE
# and rather provide your changes in /etc/fail2ban/jail.local
#
# Author: Yaroslav O. Halchenko <[email protected]>
#
# $Revision: 281 $
#
# The DEFAULT allows a global definition of the options. They can be override
# in each jail afterwards.
[DEFAULT]
# "ignoreip" can be an IP address, a CIDR mask or a DNS host
ignoreip = 127.0.0.1
bantime = 14400
maxretry = 3
# "backend" specifies the backend used to get files modification. Available
# options are "gamin", "polling" and "auto".
# yoh: For some reason Debian shipped python-gamin didn't work as expected
# This issue left ToDo, so polling is default backend for now
backend = polling
#
# Destination email address used solely for the interpolations in
# jail.{conf,local} configuration files.
destemail = root@localhost
#
# ACTIONS
#
# Default banning action (e.g. iptables, iptables-new,
# iptables-multiport, shorewall, etc) It is used to define
# action_* variables. Can be overriden globally or per
# section within jail.local file
banaction = iptables-multiport
# email action. Since 0.8.1 upstream fail2ban uses sendmail
# MTA for the mailing. Change mta configuration parameter to mail
# if you want to revert to conventional 'mail'.
mta = sendmail
# Default protocol
protocol = tcp
#
# Action shortcuts. To be used to define action parameter
# The simplest action to take: ban only
action_ = %(banaction)s[name=%(__name__)s, port="%(port)s", protocol="%(protocol)s]
# ban & send an e-mail with whois report to the destemail.
action_mw = %(banaction)s[name=%(__name__)s, port="%(port)s", protocol="%(protocol)s]
%(mta)s-whois[name=%(__name__)s, dest="%(destemail)s", protocol="%(protocol)s]
# ban & send an e-mail with whois report and relevant log lines
# to the destemail.
action_mwl = %(banaction)s[name=%(__name__)s, port="%(port)s", protocol="%(protocol)s]
%(mta)s-whois-lines[name=%(__name__)s, dest="%(destemail)s", logpath=%(logpath)s]
# Choose default action. To change, just override value of 'action' with the
# interpolation to the chosen action shortcut (e.g. action_mw, action_mwl, etc) in jail.local
# globally (section [DEFAULT]) or per specific section
action = %(action_)s
#
# JAILS
#
# Next jails corresponds to the standard configuration in Fail2ban 0.6 which
# was shipped in Debian. Enable any defined here jail by including
#
# [SECTION_NAME]
# enabled = true
#
# in /etc/fail2ban/jail.local.
#
# Optionally you may override any other parameter (e.g. banaction,
# action, port, logpath, etc) in that section within jail.local
[ssh]
enabled = true
port = ssh
filter = sshd
logpath = /var/log/auth.log
maxretry = 4
# Generic filter for pam. Has to be used with action which bans all ports
# such as iptables-allports, shorewall
[pam-generic]
enabled = false
# pam-generic filter can be customized to monitor specific subset of 'tty's
filter = pam-generic
# port actually must be irrelevant but lets leave it all for some possible uses
port = all
banaction = iptables-allports
port = anyport
logpath = /var/log/auth.log
maxretry = 6
[xinetd-fail]
enabled = false
filter = xinetd-fail
port = all
banaction = iptables-multiport-log
logpath = /var/log/daemon.log
maxretry = 2
[ssh-ddos]
enabled = true
port = ssh
filter = sshd-ddos
logpath = /var/log/auth.log
maxretry = 6
#
# HTTP servers
#
[apache]
enabled = false
port = http,https
filter = apache-auth
logpath = /var/log/apache*/*error.log
maxretry = 6
# default action is now multiport, so apache-multiport jail was left
# for compatibility with previous (<0.7.6-2) releases
[apache-multiport]
enabled = false
port = http,https
filter = apache-auth
logpath = /var/log/apache*/*error.log
maxretry = 6
[apache-noscript]
enabled = false
port = http,https
filter = apache-noscript
logpath = /var/log/apache*/*error.log
maxretry = 6
[apache-overflows]
enabled = false
port = http,https
filter = apache-overflows
logpath = /var/log/apache*/*error.log
maxretry = 2
[nginx-auth]
enabled = true
filter = nginx-auth
action = iptables-multiport[name=NoAuthFailures, port="http,https"]
logpath = /var/log/nginx*/*error*.log
bantime = 600 # 10 minutes
maxretry = 6
[nginx-login]
enabled = true
filter = nginx-login
action = iptables-multiport[name=NoLoginFailures, port="http,https"]
logpath = /var/log/nginx*/*access*.log
bantime = 600 # 10 minutes
maxretry = 6
[nginx-badbots]
enabled = true
filter = apache-badbots
action = iptables-multiport[name=BadBots, port="http,https"]
logpath = /var/log/nginx*/*access*.log
bantime = 86400 # 1 day
maxretry = 1
[nginx-noscript]
enabled = true
action = iptables-multiport[name=NoScript, port="http,https"]
filter = nginx-noscript
logpath = /var/log/nginx*/*access*.log
maxretry = 6
bantime = 86400 # 1 day
[nginx-proxy]
enabled = true
action = iptables-multiport[name=NoProxy, port="http,https"]
filter = nginx-proxy
logpath = /var/log/nginx*/*access*.log
maxretry = 0
bantime = 86400 # 1 day
#
# FTP servers
#
[vsftpd]
enabled = false
port = ftp,ftp-data,ftps,ftps-data
filter = vsftpd
logpath = /var/log/vsftpd.log
# or overwrite it in jails.local to be
# logpath = /var/log/auth.log
# if you want to rely on PAM failed login attempts
# vsftpd's failregex should match both of those formats
maxretry = 6
[proftpd]
enabled = false
port = ftp,ftp-data,ftps,ftps-data
filter = proftpd
logpath = /var/log/proftpd/proftpd.log
maxretry = 6
[wuftpd]
enabled = false
port = ftp,ftp-data,ftps,ftps-data
filter = wuftpd
logpath = /var/log/auth.log
maxretry = 6
#
# Mail servers
#
[postfix]
enabled = false
port = smtp,ssmtp
filter = postfix
logpath = /var/log/mail.log
[couriersmtp]
enabled = false
port = smtp,ssmtp
filter = couriersmtp
logpath = /var/log/mail.log
#
# Mail servers authenticators: might be used for smtp,ftp,imap servers, so
# all relevant ports get banned
#
[courierauth]
enabled = false
port = smtp,ssmtp,imap2,imap3,imaps,pop3,pop3s
filter = courierlogin
logpath = /var/log/mail.log
[sasl]
enabled = false
port = smtp,ssmtp,imap2,imap3,imaps,pop3,pop3s
filter = sasl
# You might consider monitoring /var/log/warn.log instead
# if you are running postfix. See http://bugs.debian.org/507990
logpath = /var/log/mail.log
# DNS Servers
# These jails block attacks against named (bind9). By default, logging is off
# with bind9 installation. You will need something like this:
#
# logging {
# channel security_file {
# file "/var/log/named/security.log" versions 3 size 30m;
# severity dynamic;
# print-time yes;
# };
# category security {
# security_file;
# };
# };
#
# in your named.conf to provide proper logging
# !!! WARNING !!!
# Since UDP is connectionless protocol, spoofing of IP and immitation
# of illegal actions is way too simple. Thus enabling of this filter
# might provide an easy way for implementing a DoS against a chosen
# victim. See
# http://nion.modprobe.de/blog/archives/690-fail2ban-+-dns-fail.html
# Please DO NOT USE this jail unless you know what you are doing.
#[named-refused-udp]
#
#enabled = false
#port = domain,953
#protocol = udp
#filter = named-refused
#logpath = /var/log/named/security.log
[named-refused-tcp]
enabled = false
port = domain,953
protocol = tcp
filter = named-refused
logpath = /var/log/named/security.log
I just noticed an error in the fail2ban log:
2012-04-25 14:57:29,359 fail2ban.actions.action: ERROR iptables -N fail2ban-ssh-ddos
Solution 1:
Fail2Ban uses the file /etc/fail2ban/jail.localand look for the [ssh]section, you can change the port there.
[ssh]
enabled = true
port = ssh
You can change the port value to any positive integer.
If it's not working and you want to look further, take a look at /etc/fail2ban/jail.conf, there should be something like:
logpath = /var/log/auth.log
That is what fail2ban uses to detect false logins.
If it is not working correctly, you can try a few things to pinpoint the problem. Start by checking if it is installed:
dpkg -l |grep fail
Check if the service is running:
/etc/init.d/fail2ban status
Check if your SSH-jail is setup:
sudo fail2ban-client status
Check the log file:
fail2ban-regex /var/log/auth.log /etc/fail2ban/filter.d/sshd.conf
Check your date/time:
date && tail -2 /var/log/auth.log
(You should first get the date, followed by the last lines in auth.log. If you still can't pinpoint the error, add your configuration file to your post.
Solution 2:
fail2ban will detect login attemps with log content. fail2ban don't use ports for detection, only to block.
To block the right port, you have to tell fail2ban which one in order to correctly setup iptable.
Into /etc/fail2ban/jail.local:
[ssh]
enabled = true
port = ssh <-- just modify this with your port port = 1234
Another method is to block everything from the offending hosts. So iptable will drop every paquets from them, not only ssh ones.
At the beginning of /etc/fail2ban/jail.local:
banaction = iptables-multiport <-- regular blocking (one or several ports)
banaction = iptables-allports <-- block everything
With iptables-allports you don't have to bother about ports. Just leave the default ones.
Solution 3:
In short : if you changed the ssh port number you have to add it in the jail.local file
For example : (I use SSH, SFTP on the port 1234)
in jail.local :
[ssh]
enabled = true
port = ssh,sftp,1234
filter = sshd
logpath = /var/log/auth.log
maxretry = 6