No backlight on Macbook Pro 2015 and backlight fuse is burned out

How would one check the display pins for a short-circuit?

You don't know that this is the issue. What you do know is that you have no backlight.

I heard Apple recommends...as the display be shorting out the logic board

That's hearsay and not necessarily your diagnosis. Research is fine, but you need actual troubleshooting for a positive diagnosis. You wouldn't be pleased if your doctor gave you a terminal disease diagnosis if he/she didn't do anything but tell you "they heard from the AMA that...."

Just to give you a broad overview of what your looking for, there's no one diagnosis for a failed backlight. It could be

• the backlight itself failed
• a blown fuse
• shorted pins

Each has their own diagnostic procedure like

• simple observation (burnt/corroded/damaged components)
• checking for open circuits (continuity testing)
• short to ground
• measuring resistance (Ohms)

To get an idea of this actual repair, take a look at this YouTube video. In the end, if this seems outside your wheelhouse, he's a good person to send your board to (not affiliated, just a happy customer).