What kind of resources does the render distance in Minecraft mainly use?
Solution 1:
Minecraft mostly uses a single core of the CPU for chunk rendering. More then twice the ram as the game is going to use is too much, but 12GB seems appropriate for this distance. More then that tends to make the game run slower regardless due to garbage collection. The GPU can help, but given that minecraft is CPU-heavy to begin with, the CPU is by far the bottleneck for most desktop PCs.
Also, just so you know in 1.13+ even OptiFine cannot push the render distance above 32 chunks.