How to call a shell script from python code?

Solution 1:

The subprocess module will help you out.

Blatantly trivial example:

>>> import subprocess
>>> subprocess.call(['sh', './test.sh']) # Thanks @Jim Dennis for suggesting the []
0 
>>>

Where test.sh is a simple shell script and 0 is its return value for this run.

Solution 2:

There are some ways using os.popen() (deprecated) or the whole subprocess module, but this approach

import os
os.system(command)

is one of the easiest.

Solution 3:

In case you want to pass some parameters to your shell script, you can use the method shlex.split():

import subprocess
import shlex
subprocess.call(shlex.split('./test.sh param1 param2'))

with test.sh in the same folder:

#!/bin/sh
echo $1
echo $2
exit 0

Outputs:

$ python test.py 
param1
param2

Solution 4:

import os
import sys

Assuming test.sh is the shell script that you would want to execute

os.system("sh test.sh")

Solution 5:

I'm running python 3.5 and subprocess.call(['./test.sh']) doesn't work for me.

I give you three solutions depends on what you wanna do with the output.

1 - call script. You will see output in your terminal. output is a number.

import subprocess 
output = subprocess.call(['test.sh'])

2 - call and dump execution and error into string. You don't see execution in your terminal unless you print(stdout). Shell=True as argument in Popen doesn't work for me.

import subprocess
from subprocess import Popen, PIPE

session = subprocess.Popen(['test.sh'], stdout=PIPE, stderr=PIPE)
stdout, stderr = session.communicate()

if stderr:
    raise Exception("Error "+str(stderr))

3 - call script and dump the echo commands of temp.txt in temp_file

import subprocess
temp_file = open("temp.txt",'w')
subprocess.call([executable], stdout=temp_file)
with open("temp.txt",'r') as file:
    output = file.read()
print(output)

Don't forget to take a look at the doc subprocess