How to install a module for all users with pip on linux?
How to install a package in the standard python environment i.e. /usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages
using pip
and make this new package available for all the users without using virtualenv
?
By using the following, the package is installed with root permissions only:
$ sudo pip install loremipsum
Downloading/unpacking loremipsum
Downloading loremipsum-1.0.5.tar.gz
Running setup.py (path:/tmp/pip_build_root/loremipsum/setup.py)
egg_info for package loremipsum
Installing collected packages: loremipsum
Running setup.py install for loremipsum
Successfully installed loremipsum
Cleaning up...
Proof:
$ python -c 'import loremipsum'
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "<string>", line 1, in <module>
ImportError: No module named loremipsum
$ sudo python -c 'import loremipsum'
$ pip install loremipsum
Requirement already satisfied (use --upgrade to upgrade): loremipsum in
/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages
Cleaning up...
$ cowsay sad
_____
< sad >
-----
\ ^__^
\ (oo)\_______
(__)\ )\/\
||----w |
|| ||
Please do not advise me to use apt-get install python-...
instead. I would like to know what is my mistake and how to use pip correctly.
$ python --version
Python 2.7.6
$ pip --version
pip 1.5.4 from /usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages (python 2.7)
$ uname -a
Linux _ 3.19.0-32-generic #37~14.04.1-Ubuntu SMP _ x86_64 GNU/Linux
EDIT
I guess the problem is because pip
does not allow the group and everyone to read the installed stuff:
$ sudo pip uninstall loremipsum
Uninstalling loremipsum:
/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/loremipsum-1.0.5.egg-info
/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/loremipsum/__init__.py
/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/loremipsum/__init__.pyc
/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/loremipsum/default/dictionary.txt
/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/loremipsum/default/sample.txt
/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/loremipsum/generator.py
/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/loremipsum/generator.pyc
Proceed (y/n)? y
Successfully uninstalled loremipsum
$ sudo pip install loremipsum
Downloading/unpacking loremipsum
Downloading loremipsum-1.0.5.tar.gz
Running setup.py (path:/tmp/pip_build_root/loremipsum/setup.py)
egg_info for package loremipsum
Installing collected packages: loremipsum
Running setup.py install for loremipsum
Successfully installed loremipsum
Cleaning up...
$ sudo ls -al /usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/loremipsum
total 60
drwxr-s--- 3 root staff 4096 Apr 27 22:06 .
drwxrwsr-x 18 root staff 4096 Apr 27 22:06 ..
drwxr-s--- 2 root staff 4096 Apr 27 22:06 default
-rw-r----- 1 root staff 16182 Apr 27 22:06 generator.py
-rw-r----- 1 root staff 16323 Apr 27 22:06 generator.pyc
-rw-r----- 1 root staff 6130 Apr 27 22:06 __init__.py
-rw-r----- 1 root staff 6869 Apr 27 22:06 __init__.pyc
Solution 1:
You might have a wrong umask
set as discussed here
From your last edit, I guess you umask
is set to 027
. Try to do
sudo pip uninstall loremipsum
umask 022
sudo pip install loremipsum
Solution 2:
With Ubuntu 18.04, using the command sudo pip install stuff-name
does not suffice, in my case, in order to install the modules in the global path (it keeps looking at the local-user python path).
Solution in my case
I have changed to the root user, and changed directory to its home. Then pip
installation worked like expected and installs modules in the global path.
In detail I followed the nowox answer with a minor change (sudo su
, changes to the root user), also see final note about umask 022
:
sudo su
cd ~
umask 022
pip install what-you-like
Note: umask 022
command/row could be optional..., usually umask is already 022, that is the default one.
Solution 3:
For Ubuntu 18.04 try sudo -H pip install loremipsum
.
-H
is the short form of --set-home
:
-H, --set-home
Request that the security policy set the HOME environment variable
to the home directory specified by the target user's password
database entry. Depending on the policy, this may be the default
behavior.
In other words, this executes the sudo
command with the HOME environment var set to root's home.
Solution 4:
Use the --target
option when calling pip
pip install --target=/your/pyinstalldir loremipsum
The target directory must be a location writable by your user.
Note that this requires the regular user environment has the target directory present in the sys.path
. One possible way to achieve that is by using the PYTHONPATH
env var:
# /etc/profile.d/myenvvars.sh
export PYTHONPATH=/your/pyinstalldir