SciPy Create 2D Polygon Mask

I need to create a numpy 2D array which represents a binary mask of a polygon, using standard Python packages.

• input: polygon vertices, image dimensions
• output: binary mask of polygon (numpy 2D array)

(Larger context: I want to get the distance transform of this polygon using scipy.ndimage.morphology.distance_transform_edt.)

Can anyone show me how to do this?

Solution 1:

The answer turns out to be quite simple:

import numpy
from PIL import Image, ImageDraw

# polygon = [(x1,y1),(x2,y2),...] or [x1,y1,x2,y2,...]
# width = ?
# height = ?

img = Image.new('L', (width, height), 0)
ImageDraw.Draw(img).polygon(polygon, outline=1, fill=1)
mask = numpy.array(img)

Solution 2:

As a slightly more direct alternative to @Anil's answer, matplotlib has matplotlib.nxutils.points_inside_poly that can be used to quickly rasterize an arbitrary polygon. E.g.

import numpy as np
from matplotlib.nxutils import points_inside_poly

nx, ny = 10, 10
poly_verts = [(1,1), (5,1), (5,9),(3,2),(1,1)]

# Create vertex coordinates for each grid cell...
# (<0,0> is at the top left of the grid in this system)
x, y = np.meshgrid(np.arange(nx), np.arange(ny))
x, y = x.flatten(), y.flatten()

points = np.vstack((x,y)).T

grid = points_inside_poly(points, poly_verts)
grid = grid.reshape((ny,nx))

print grid

Which yields (a boolean numpy array):

[[False False False False False False False False False False]
 [False  True  True  True  True False False False False False]
 [False False False  True  True False False False False False]
 [False False False False  True False False False False False]
 [False False False False  True False False False False False]
 [False False False False  True False False False False False]
 [False False False False False False False False False False]
 [False False False False False False False False False False]
 [False False False False False False False False False False]
 [False False False False False False False False False False]]

You should be able to pass grid to any of the scipy.ndimage.morphology functions quite nicely.

Solution 3:

An update on Joe's comment. Matplotlib API has changed since the comment was posted, and now you need to use a method provided by a submodule matplotlib.path.

Working code is below.

import numpy as np
from matplotlib.path import Path

nx, ny = 10, 10
poly_verts = [(1,1), (5,1), (5,9),(3,2),(1,1)]

# Create vertex coordinates for each grid cell...
# (<0,0> is at the top left of the grid in this system)
x, y = np.meshgrid(np.arange(nx), np.arange(ny))
x, y = x.flatten(), y.flatten()

points = np.vstack((x,y)).T

path = Path(poly_verts)
grid = path.contains_points(points)
grid = grid.reshape((ny,nx))

print grid