Replacement for C-style loop in Swift 2.2
Although it's not as "pretty", you can use stride
:
for var i in 0.stride(to: -1, by: -1) {
print(i)
}
Mimicking the "C-style loop"
Not entirely pretty, but you can wrap the range:s upper bound with a max(0, ..)
to ascertain it never takes negative values.
let foo : [Int] = []
for i in 0..<max(0,foo.count-1) {
print(i)
}
I'd prefer, however, the from.stride(to:by)
solution (that has already been mentioned in the other answers, see e.g. Michael:s answer).
I think it's valuable to explicitly point out, however, that from.stride(to:by)
neatly returns an empty StrideTo
(or, if converted to an array: an empty array) if attempting to stride to a number that is less than from but by a positive stride. E.g., striding from 0
to -42
by 1
will not attempt to stride all the way through "∞ -> -∞ -> -42"
(i.e., an error case), but simply returns an empty StrideTo
(as it should):
Array(0.stride(to: -42, by: 1)) // []
// -> equivalent to your C loop:
for i in 0.stride(to: foo.count-1, by: 1) {
print(i)
}
Use case 1: enumerate all but the last element of an array
For this specific use case, a simple solution is using dropLast()
(as described by Sulthan in the comments to your question) followed by forEach
.
let foo = Array(1...5)
foo.dropLast().forEach { print($0) } // 1 2 3 4
Or, if you need more control over what to drop out, apply a filter to your array
let foo = Array(1...5)
foo.filter { $0 < foo.count }.forEach { print($0) } // 1 2 3 4
Use case 2: enumerate all integers in a decimal range, allowing this enumeration to be empty
For your decimal/double closed interval example ([0.6, 0.9]
; an interval rather than a range in the context of Swift syntax), you can convert the closed interval to an integer range (using ceil
function) and apply a forEach
over the latter
let foo : (ClosedInterval<Double>) -> () = {
(Int(ceil($0.start))..<Int(ceil($0.end)))
.forEach { print($0) }
}
foo(0.5...1.9) // 1
foo(0.5...0.9) // nothing
Or, if you specifically want to enumerate the (possible) integers contained in this interval; use as en extension fit to your purpose:
protocol MyDoubleBounds {
func ceilToInt() -> Int
}
extension Double: MyDoubleBounds {
func ceilToInt() -> Int {
return Int(ceil(self)) // no integer bounds check in this simple example
}
}
extension ClosedInterval where Bound: MyDoubleBounds {
func enumerateIntegers() -> EnumerateSequence<(Range<Int>)> {
return (self.start.ceilToInt()
..< self.end.ceilToInt())
.enumerate()
}
}
Example usage:
for (i, intVal) in (1.3...3.2).enumerateIntegers() {
print(i, intVal)
} /* 0 2
1 3 */
for (i, intVal) in (0.6...0.9).enumerateIntegers() {
print(i, intVal)
} /* nothing */
For reference: In swift 3.0 stride is now defined globally which makes for loop look more natural:
for i in stride(from: 10, to: 0, by: -1){
print(i)
} /* 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 */